The authors present a case of HIV-associated dementia with the review of literature. This 62-year-old male suffered from relatively rapid progressing cognitive decline(such as memory impairment, language deviation, and executive function loss),
behavioral changes(such as lack of interest, silly smile, and social withdrawal), and leg weakness, In physical examination, weight loss, palpable lymph node on neck, scabbing of Herpes Zoster were revealed, and also in neurologic examination,
hyperreflexia and grasp reflex were found. On mental status examination, he showed delayed response, dysnomia, non-fluency, perseveration, disorientation, impairments of attention and concentration, short-term and long-term memory, and abstract
thinking. HIV antibody was confirmed by ELISA and finally Western-blot. Brain MR images demonstrate cortical atrophy, secondary ventricular dilatation, and multifocal high signal intensity. On brain SPECT, asymmetric hypoperfusion at right
frontal
and
temporal lobe was noted. These findings were compatible with HIV-associated dementia.
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